沈明：经济危机与经济学的危机
经济危机与经济学的危机：从波斯纳的研究切入
Economic Crisis and Economics’s Crisis: A Critique Inspired by Richard Posner’s Studies
内容提要：作为一九三〇年代经济大萧条之后的最严重经济衰退，始于二〇〇八年的经济危机事实上已经成为另一场经济萧条。这场灾难的根本原因在于资本主义经济制度内在的系统风险，因此它标志着以自由市场竞争为基本特征的资本主义制度遭遇了一次重大失败。除了担负经济监管职能的政府之外，经济学职业界对这场危机负有不可推卸的责任。过去三十年间的主流经济学特别是宏观经济学和金融理论研究在方法论上存在重大缺陷，有用的理论建树乏善可陈。经济学职业界在经济危机爆发前后的表现均令公众大失所望，凸显了这一学术领域所面临的危机。当下的经济危机和经济学危机为中国经济发展和经济学研究提供了教训与启示。中国经济学界尤其应当警惕市场原教旨主义在认识论上的谬误和实践中的危害。经济学等社会科学研究者必须约束意识形态前见，以实用主义的态度面对并致力于解决真实世界中的问题，并不断寻求新知，追求自我超越。
Abstract: As the most severe economic recession after the Great Depression, 2008 economic crisis has turned out to be another depression. The fundamental reason of the calamity is the internal systematic risks of capitalist economy; the crisis therefore symbolizes a remarkable failure of capitalism whose key feature is free market. In addition to governments in charge of economic regulation, economics profession must claim an inescapable responsibility for the bust. In past three or so decades, mainstream economics, particularly macroeconomics and financial theories, have demonstrated serious methodological flaws, hence little useful theoretical achievement. Economics profession disappointed the public very much by its both ex-ante and ex-post performance in regard of the crisis, which suggested economics profession’s own crisis. Current crises of economy and economics provide lessons and revelations for Chinese economy and economics studies. Chinese economists ought to pay alerted attention to epistemological fallacy of market fundamentalism and its harms to economy. Economists and other social scientists are expected to constrain their ideological preconceptions, and to pragmatically face and overcome problems in the real world, while marching toward new knowledge and self-transcendence.
